ETIDIoH<p><strong>#Usutu virus African 3.1 #lineage, <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/portugal/" target="_blank">#Portugal</a>, 2021-2023</strong></p><p>Source: BioRxIV, <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.12.04.626753v1?rss=1" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.12.04.626753v1?rss=1</a> </p><p><strong><em><span>Abstract</span></em></strong></p><p><span>Background</span>: <strong>Usutu virus </strong>(Orthoflavivirus usutuense, USUV), a <strong>neurotropic arthropod-borne RNA virus </strong>of the family <strong>Flaviviridae</strong>, is <strong>a zoonotic virus </strong>that has spread throughout the <strong>European continent </strong>over the last three decades, since its emergence in <strong>Italy </strong>in 1996. However, no cases of USUV have been reported in <strong>Portugal </strong>so far. </p><p><span>Material and methods</span>: In the scope of an active surveillance program for <strong>Orthoflavivirus</strong>, we collected <strong>growing feather samples </strong>from <strong>249 red-legged partridges </strong>(Alectoris rufa) hunted in southern Portugal during the 2021-2023 hunting seasons. Samples positive for USUV were subjected to whole genome sequencing and strain characterization. </p><p><span>Results</span>: <strong>Two partridges tested positive for USUV</strong>. Phylogenetic analyses of whole and partial <strong>genomes </strong>assigned the <strong>USUV strains to the African 3 lineage</strong>, specifically the <strong>African 3.1 sub-lineage</strong>.</p><p><span>Conclusions</span>: Our study confirms, for the first time, the circulation of USUV in <strong>wild birds in Portugal</strong>. Active surveillance of hunted partridges proved to be a useful, accessible, and cost-effective method for USUV monitoring, further supporting their value as effective sentinels for <strong>Orthoflavivirus surveillance</strong>. Given the ongoing circulation of USUV and the increasing risk of its spillover to other domestic and wild animals, and humans, additional efforts are needed to improve virus surveillance in Portugal from a One Health perspective.</p><p>____</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/abstract/" target="_blank">#abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/arbovirus/" target="_blank">#ARBOVIRUS</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/flavivirus/" target="_blank">#FLAVIVIRUS</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/portugal/" target="_blank">#PORTUGAL</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/usutu-virus/" target="_blank">#USUTUVIRUS</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/wild-birds/" target="_blank">#WILDBIRDS</a></p>