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#Gutnish

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Johan Schalin, PhD

I attach my first introductory blog on , depicting coming topics.
I will discuss periferal Swedish dialects that originate from a more archaic East Norse than . I will also by rigorously comparing , and show that they do not derive from 8th century language similar to , but a 6th century late .
As it seems, that Mastodon does not support PDFs, so I will have to reconsider my format of any future blogs.

East-Norse by Johan Schalin, 3 June 2023, blogpost 1 "East Norse", an introduction to a topic of future blogging. In historical linguistics "East Norse" is a quite ambiguous concept, and when blogging I will make liberal use of that fact to present a wide range of exciting topics starting from Proto-Norse in the middle of the first millennium to some archaic vernaculars in modern times at the eastern periphery of Swedish. The focus will be on sound change, reconstruction of sound systems, the origins of the dialects and establishing inherited relations pursuing modelling by branching trees (see figures below for two examples). Dialects and languages discussed will include Fenno-Swedish, Norrbotnian Swedish, the Swedish dialects of Estonia and Ukraine, as well as Ovdalian (AKA "Elfdalian") and its close geographical neighbour Upper Westdalian. Also, Gutnish (the language of Gotland) will be in focus, together with pros and cons for its inclusion under an "East Norse" branch, rather than in a branch of its own.
East-Norse by Johan Schalin, 3 June 2023, blogpost 1 Page 2 A better family tree is yet to be drawn, but the one in Figure 2 is just as good a try as any: Proto-Norse East-Norse Figure 2: An experimental family tree dethroning West Norse from its ancestral position My claim is that rigorously comparing West Norse, East Norse and Gutnish by the historical comparative method and internal reconstruction will not take us to an 8th century language nearly identical to Old (West) Norse, but to a 6t century late Proto-Norse language known for a period of intense change, i.e. umlaut and breaking of vowels and reduction of word length (syncope/apocope). This reconstruction is yet to be done. In my blogs I will mainly concentrate on phonology, morphology and morpho-phonology, i.e. the domains of grammar that are the most powerful for reconstruction of older language stages and establishing inherited or "genetic" relationships between languages and dialects. The format of blogging is also well suited to bring torward weaknesses in my own arguments, whether arguments in past publications or tentative arguments first presented in the blogs. Jourals are generally unhappy or have limited space for self criticism
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