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Pot of the Day – Inca Urpu (c. 15th Century)

Although similar in style and function to the amphorae of ancient Greece, the urpu has a distinctive Inca shape, with its low handles, tall neck, and bulbous body. Rather than being strapped into ships like the amphorae, these vessels would have had ropes slung through the handles, around the lug at the base of the neck, and then strapped onto a porter’s back for transportation. They would have contained a variety food and beverages, most commonly chicha (fermented corn beer).

Most urpu bottles are decorated with this distinctive polychrome geometric design - black and red on a cream-colored background. It’s rare to find any kind of representational motifs on these pots; however, some examples have been shown to include khipu designs which is very intriguing!

Photo credit - The Minneapolis Institute of Art

#ceramics #pottery #history #inca #southamerica #peru #ceramicart #potoftheday

"Instead of writing on clay tablets or papyrus, as other ancient societies did, the Incas recorded information by tying knots into long cords they called khipus. Only a few Andean villages have preserved their khipus through the centuries... and knowledge of how to read them has all but vanished in the 500 years since the Spanish conquered and destroyed the Inca empire in the 1500s."

theatlantic.com/culture/archiv

The Atlantic · Unraveling the Secrets of the Inca EmpireBy Sam Kean

Today in Labor History May 18, 1781: Tupac Amaru II was drawn and quartered in Plaza Mayor del Cuzco, Peru. Tupac II had led a large indigenous uprising against the Spanish conquistadors. As a result of his heroic efforts, he became an inspiration to others in the fight for indigenous rights and against colonialism. The uprising began because of “reforms” by the colonial administration that increased taxes and labor demands on both indigenous and creole populations. However, there was also an ongoing desire to overthrow European rule and restore the pre-conquest Incan empire. And though this would merely replace one feudal power with another, there were also Jacobin and proto-communist elements to the rebellion. Most of the Tupamarista soldiers were poor peasants, artisans and women who saw the uprising as an opportunity to create an egalitarian society, without the cast and class divisions of either the Spanish or Incan feudal systems.

The uprising began with the execution of Spanish colonial Governor Antonio de Arriaga by his own slave, Antonio Oblitas. Tupac Amaru II then made a proclamation claiming to be fighting against the abuses of Spain and for the peace and well-being of Indians, mestizos, mambos, native-born whites and blacks. They then proceeded to march toward Cuzco, killing Spaniards and looting their properties. Everywhere they went, they overthrew the Spanish authority. Tupac’s wife, Michaela Bastidas commanded a battalion of insurgents. Many claimed she was more daring and a superior strategist than her husband.

However, despite their strength and courage, the rebels failed to take Cuzco. The Spaniards brought in reinforcements from Lima. Many creoles abandoned the Inca army and joined the Spanish, fearing for their own safety after seeing the wanton slaughter of Spanish civilians. In the end, Tupac was betrayed by two of his officers and handed over to the Spanish. However, before they killed him, the Spanish forced him to watch them execute his wife, eldest son, uncle, brother-in-law, and several of his captains. They cut out both his wife’s and son’s tongue before hanging them.

As a result of Tupac’s leadership and success against the Spanish, he became a mythical figure in the Peruvian struggle for independence and in the indigenous rights movement. The Tupamaros revolutionary movement in Uruguay (1960s-1970s) took their name from him. As did the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary guerrilla group, in Peru, and the Venezuelan Marxist political party Tupamaro. American rapper, Tupac Amaru Shakur, was also named after him. Chilean poet, Pablo Neruda, wrote a poem called “Tupac Amaru (1781).” And Clive Cussler’s book, “Inca Gold,” has a villain who claims to be descended from the revolutionary leader.

#tupac #indigenous #uprising #colonialism #genocide #inca #peru #torture #books #poetry #novel #fiction #author #writer @bookstadon

Today in Labor History April 6, 1781: Tupac Amaru II was captured in Peru after being denounced by a turncoat. He led a large Andean uprising against the Spanish in Peru. As a result, he became a hero in the Peruvian struggle for independence and the indigenous rights movement. The Tupamaros revolutionary movement in Uruguay (1960s-1970s) took their name from him. As did the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary guerrilla group, in Peru, and the Venezuelan Marxist political party Tupamaro. The American rapper, Tupac Amaru Shakur, was also named after Tupac Amaru II. Chilean poet, Pablo Neruda, wrote a poem called “Tupac Amaru (1781).” And Clive Cussler’s book, “Inca Gold,” has a villain who claims to be descended from the revolutionary leader.

#indigenous #genocide #peru #tupac #inca #colonialism #poetry #fiction #pabloneruda #Revolutionary #socialism @bookstadon

Today in Labor History March 19, 1742: Tupac Amaru was born. Tupac Amaru II had led a large Andean uprising against the Spanish. As a result, he became a mythical figure in the Peruvian struggle for independence and in the indigenous rights movement. The Tupamaros revolutionary movement in Uruguay (1960s-1970s) took their name from him. As did the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary guerrilla group, in Peru, and the Venezuelan Marxist political party Tupamaro. American rapper, Tupac Amaru Shakur, was also named after him. Chilean poet, Pablo Neruda, wrote a poem called “Tupac Amaru (1781).” And Clive Cussler’s book, “Inca Gold,” has a villain who claims to be descended from the revolutionary leader.

#workingclass #LaborHistory #indigenous #inca #tupac #conquest #colonialism #uprising #Revolutionary #PabloNeruda #poetry #novel #tupacamaru #peru #fiction #books #author #writer #poetry @bookstadon

Imagine walking through the ancient streets of #Cusco, #Peru, and marveling at the remarkable stonework that whispers tales of the Inca civilization's extraordinary craftsmanship from centuries past.

Picture stones so meticulously cut and seamlessly fitted together, showcasing the #Inca people's unparalleled mastery of masonry.

@histories_arch

Archaeologists uncover sacred Inca pilgrimage routes to volcanic peaks

Archaeologists are exploring the sacred landscapes where the Incas once walked during their Capacocha rituals. This ancient sacrificial ceremony involved offering children to the gods on top of high mountains and volcanoes. New studies are looking at the pathways that lead to these sacred sites...

More information: archaeologymag.com/2025/02/sac

Follow @archaeology

How can you leave Ollantaytambo without purchasing a chullo from one of the vendors? Ollantaytambo, Peru 2017

"A chullo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtʃuʎo], from Quechua: ch'ullu; known as lluch'u in Aymara) is an Andean style of hat with earflaps, made from vicuña, alpaca, llama or sheep's wool. Alpaca fleece has wool-like qualities that help to insulate chullo-wearers from the harsh conditions in the Andean mountain region. Chullos often have ear-flaps that can be tied under the chin, to further warm the wearer's head.

Hats have been worn in the Andean mountain region by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. Wearing different types and colors has a significance among certain Andean natives. According to Peruvian historian Arturo Jiménez Borja, the chullo has its origins in the cultural exchange between Spaniards, who incorporated elements of their birretes and the original hat of the Andeans.

Compare the so-called "sherpa hat" associated with the Himalayas." --- Wikipedia


#UNESCOWorldHeritageSite

#VisitPeru #Peru #SacredValley #Ollantaytambo #Cusco #Urubamba #QueChua #Inca #chullo #hat
Stepping into Machu Picchu hits different when you're right there in the terraces, not just viewing it from the classic postcard spot. From this angle, you really feel the depth of Inca engineering. In the background, Huayna Picchu is standing like a guardian.

#MachuPicchu #Cusco #Cuzco #Qosqo #Qusqu #sacredValley #Peru #Andes #SouthAmerica #precolonial #precolombian #wonderOfTheWorld #archaeology #mountains #heritage #Inca #Incas #Incan #architecture #ancientCivilization #HuaynaPicchu #incaTrail #history #explore #photography #photo #fotografia #foto #nature #naturaleza #naturePhotography #pixelfed #travel #landscape #art #arte