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TRIGGER WARNING: Military Psychology

DATE: April 22, 2025 at 04:56PM
SOURCE: THE CENTER FOR DEPLOYMENT PSYCHOLOGY

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Articles can be found by scrolling down the page at deploymentpsych.org/ under "Latest News".

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Yesterday PhD-student Jacinda Choy's systematic review on "Dosages of Swallowing Exercises in Stroke Rehabilitation: was published in Eur Arch ORL which included the analysis of 54 includes studies (28 randomised controlled trials, 8 non-randomised controlled trials, 12 pre/post studies, 3 retrospective case controls and 3 case studies.

Results showed inconsistent reporting of intervention dosage, with intensity the least consistently reported dosage component. While swallowing intervention was most commonly provided five times per week for four weeks, there was a wide breadth of type, frequency, intensity and duration of swallowing exercises reported. Dosage under-reporting and variation was particularly observed in “standard care” co-interventions or control groups. Results indicate the need for consistent and comprehensive dosage reporting in dysphagia studies, and for further research into evidence-based principles to optimise swallowing exercise dosages.

#OpenAccess #SpeechPathology #Dysphagia #EBP #proudsupervisor

link.springer.com/article/10.1

SpringerLinkDosages of swallowing exercises in stroke rehabilitation: a systematic review - European Archives of Oto-Rhino-LaryngologyPurpose To investigate the dosages of swallowing exercises reported in intervention studies on post-stroke dysphagia through systematic review. Methods Five electronic databases were searched from inception until February 2022 with reference tracing of included studies. Studies were included, where adults with post-stroke dysphagia received rehabilitative, behavioural swallowing exercises, pre/post outcomes were reported, and intervention dosage was described in detail, including frequency, intensity, time, and type of exercise. Two reviewers independently screened studies and rated quality using ASHA Levels of Evidence tool. Data was tabulated and narratively described. Results 54 studies were included with a total 1501 participants. Studies included 28 randomised controlled trials, 8 non-randomised controlled trials, 12 pre/post studies, 3 retrospective case controls and 3 case studies. Results showed inconsistent reporting of intervention dosage, with intensity the least consistently reported dosage component. While swallowing intervention was most commonly provided five times per week for four weeks, there was a wide breadth of type, frequency, intensity and duration of swallowing exercises reported. Dosage under-reporting and variation was particularly observed in “standard care” co-interventions or control groups. Study strengths included following PRISMA guidelines, providing a comprehensive review of swallowing exercise methodology and dosages, and including non-English studies. The limitation was lack of meta-analysis due to the heterogeneity of included studies. Conclusions Dosages of swallowing exercises are inconsistently reported and vary significantly in post-stroke dysphagia studies. Results indicate the need for consistent and comprehensive dosage reporting in dysphagia studies, and for further research into evidence-based principles to optimise swallowing exercise dosages. Systematic review registration number 131294

Keen to hear if this is a widely used framework for evaluating the quality of a narrative review. #EBP

researchintegrityjournal.biome

BioMed CentralSANRA—a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles - Research Integrity and Peer ReviewBackground Narrative reviews are the commonest type of articles in the medical literature. However, unlike systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (RCT) articles, for which formal instruments exist to evaluate quality, there is currently no instrument available to assess the quality of narrative reviews. In response to this gap, we developed SANRA, the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles. Methods A team of three experienced journal editors modified or deleted items in an earlier SANRA version based on face validity, item-total correlations, and reliability scores from previous tests. We deleted an item which addressed a manuscript’s writing and accessibility due to poor inter-rater reliability. The six items which form the revised scale are rated from 0 (low standard) to 2 (high standard) and cover the following topics: explanation of (1) the importance and (2) the aims of the review, (3) literature search and (4) referencing and presentation of (5) evidence level and (6) relevant endpoint data. For all items, we developed anchor definitions and examples to guide users in filling out the form. The revised scale was tested by the same editors (blinded to each other’s ratings) in a group of 30 consecutive non-systematic review manuscripts submitted to a general medical journal. Results Raters confirmed that completing the scale is feasible in everyday editorial work. The mean sum score across all 30 manuscripts was 6.0 out of 12 possible points (SD 2.6, range 1–12). Corrected item-total correlations ranged from 0.33 (item 3) to 0.58 (item 6), and Cronbach’s alpha was 0.68 (internal consistency). The intra-class correlation coefficient (average measure) was 0.77 [95% CI 0.57, 0.88] (inter-rater reliability). Raters often disagreed on items 1 and 4. Conclusions SANRA’s feasibility, inter-rater reliability, homogeneity of items, and internal consistency are sufficient for a scale of six items. Further field testing, particularly of validity, is desirable. We recommend rater training based on the “explanations and instructions” document provided with SANRA. In editorial decision-making, SANRA may complement journal-specific evaluation of manuscripts—pertaining to, e.g., audience, originality or difficulty—and may contribute to improving the standard of non-systematic reviews.


Hello, I'm an Aotearoa-born Australian Speech-Language Pathologist @slp_slt interested in @childrensspeechsounddisorder , @clinicalphonology Developmental Language Disorder @devlangdis @scienceoflanguageandreading the profound impacts of Science and Pseudoscience on allied health, medical, and education practice, , Implementation science and more. I seek to connect with professionals and "consumers" of with kindred interests. Talk soon. Caroline
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